Commercial roofs can serve as critical workspaces for firefighters, police, rescue teams, maintenance staff, and contractors during emergencies. Ensuring safe passage across these surfaces is the primary focus of the Illinois Rooftop Safety for First Responders Act, which took effect on January 1, 2026. The Act creates safety requirements for certain low-sloped roofs, skylights, roof openings, roof edges, parapets, extended masonry, and guards.
Property managers, facility directors, and building owners should ensure that their project teams and roofing contractors fully understand the rooftop safety conditions covered by the Act before beginning any major roof renovation or replacement.
Why the Act Was Created
The law’s informal name is the Drew Price Act, after Chicago firefighter and EMT Andrew “Drew” Price. In 2023, Price died in the line of duty when he fell through an unguarded light shaft while fighting a fire on a restaurant rooftop.
The law aims to lower the chances of rooftop falls for first responders operating in smoke, darkness, severe weather, or unknown building layouts. These new rules make rooftop environments safer for anyone requiring access, including emergency personnel, maintenance workers, contractors, and building staff.
Which Roofs Are Covered?
The Act applies to low-sloped roofs. Under the statute, a low-sloped roof is a roof with a slope of less than 2 units vertical in 12 units horizontal, or a 17% slope.
Many commercial “flat roofs” fall into this category, including roofs on:
- Warehouses
- Retail centers
- Office buildings
- Industrial facilities
- Schools
- Municipal buildings
- Multifamily properties
- Healthcare facilities
- Grocery stores
- Auto dealerships
- Distribution centers
- Mixed-use buildings
If a building has a typical commercial flat roof, the Act should be reviewed before a reroof, roof replacement, or major renovation.
When Does the Act Apply?
The legislation outlines specific scenarios that trigger compliance for property owners and managers. The requirements apply to all existing buildings, new construction projects, new roof installations, and roof replacements. The rules also apply to renovation projects that increase the area of a home or business by more than 50 percent. Addressing these requirements during the planning phase of a project ensures a smoother process and prevents unexpected delays.
Key Definitions from the Statute
Understanding the specific terminology in the legislation is essential for determining how it affects a property. The Act provides clear definitions for covered building features:
- Low-sloped roof: A roof with a slope of less than 2 units vertical in 12 units horizontal, which represents a 17 percent slope.
- Shaft: A continuous vertical space substantially enclosed on all sides that extends for two or more floors. This includes elevator shafts, ventilation shafts, stairwells, and service shafts.
- Court: An open space on a lot, other than a yard or portion of a yard, that is unobstructed from its lowest level to the sky and bounded by abutting property lines, exterior building walls, or other enclosing devices.
- Parapet: A barrier that extends upward from the edge of a structure, such as a roof, balcony, walkway, or terrace.
The Two Main Areas the Act Addresses
The Act focuses on two main rooftop conditions: roof edges that border light shafts or enclosed courts, and skylights or other openings located in the plane of a low-sloped roof. Both can create serious fall hazards, especially for someone who doesn’t know the roof layout.
1. Roof Edges Near Shafts or Enclosed Courts
For low-sloped roofs, edges that adjoin a shaft or a court enclosed on all sides must be protected by a parapet, extended masonry, guard, or a combination of those systems meeting Section 1015 of the International Building Code.
The Act defines a shaft as a substantially enclosed vertical space extending for two or more floors. Examples include elevator shafts, ventilation shafts, stairwells, and service shafts.
It also defines a court as an open space, other than a yard or part of a yard, that is open from its lowest level to the sky and bounded by property lines, exterior building walls, or other enclosing elements.
Roof geometry matters. A roof may look straightforward from the surface, but edges near shafts, stairwells, light wells, or enclosed courts may require additional review.
2. Skylights and Other Roof Openings.
Unless an opening is otherwise required by law to remain open and unobstructed, the Act provides two compliance paths.
- Option 1: Load-rated glazing: The skylight or opening may use wired glass, plain glass, glass block, or polycarbonate plastic designed and constructed to withstand a minimum dynamic load test of at least 400 pounds.
- Option 2: Permanent protection: The skylight or opening may be protected by a parapet, extended masonry, guard, or combination of protective systems meeting International Business Code (IBC) Section 1015.
For older commercial buildings, the biggest issue may be documentation. A building may have skylights, but the owner may not have records showing whether those skylights meet the required load test. Some skylights may be original to the building; others may have been replaced during previous roofing work without clear product documentation.
Before starting a roof replacement, owners should identify every skylight and roof opening and determine whether additional review is needed.
Permanent Building Protection Versus Temporary Construction Safety
One common source of confusion is the difference between temporary construction safety and permanent building protection.
OSHA fall protection standards are generally intended to protect workers while work is being performed. The Rooftop Safety for First Responders Act, by contrast, is focused on permanent rooftop conditions on low-sloped roofs.
That means temporary OSHA guardrails used during construction should not be treated as a substitute for the permanent guards, parapets, or extended masonry required under the Act.
Why Building Owners Should Ask Roofing Contractors About the Act
For building owners and property managers, the Rooftop Safety for First Responders Act creates an important planning responsibility. You must make sure your roofing contractor understands how the law may affect the project before work begins.
A low-slope roof replacement is no longer only about membrane type, insulation, drainage, warranty, and price. If the building has skylights, roof openings, shafts, stairwells, ventilation shafts, service shafts, enclosed courts, parapets, extended masonry, or existing guards, those conditions may affect the scope of work.
That doesn’t mean a roofing contractor replaces an attorney, architect, engineer, code consultant, or local building official. It does mean the contractor should understand the Act well enough to recognize covered rooftop conditions, explain what is included or excluded from the proposal, and recommend further review when needed.
Before approving a commercial roof replacement proposal, owners and managers should ask:
- Does the contractor understand when the Rooftop Safety for First Responders Act applies?
- Has the contractor reviewed the roof for skylights and other openings in the roof plane?
- Has the contractor looked for roof edges adjoining shafts, stairwells, ventilation shafts, service shafts, or enclosed courts?
- Does the contractor understand the difference between temporary OSHA fall protection during construction and permanent guards or parapets required for long-term rooftop safety?
- Does the proposal state whether skylight upgrades, guards, parapet work, extended masonry, or other permanent protection items are included or excluded?
- Will the contractor identify conditions that may require review by an architect, engineer, code consultant, manufacturer, or local authority having jurisdiction?
Compliance Risks
Missed rooftop safety items can lead to change orders, project delays, inspection issues, contract disputes, or liability concerns. A proposal that only prices the roof surface may not address all conditions covered by the Act.
It’s important to ensure your roofing contractor understands the Act, documents visible rooftop conditions, communicates scope clearly, and helps address potential compliance issues early.
The Act also requires municipalities to survey buildings with skylights and other openings in low-sloped roofs by January 1, 2027, and every two years after that.
Survey results must be placed in a building inventory and shared with local police and fire departments. In counties with populations greater than 1,000,000, the information must also be stored in computer-aided dispatch systems.
This helps first responders understand potential rooftop safety risks before accessing a building. It may also create formal documentation of the building’s rooftop layout, making it more difficult for an owner to argue they were unaware of a documented hazard.
Schedule a Commercial Roof Assessment
If you own or manage a commercial building in Illinois, now is the right time to review your low-slope roof conditions.
Before your next roof replacement, reroof, renovation, or capital planning cycle, schedule a rooftop assessment with Reliable Roofing.
Schedule your free inspection today.
Our commercial roofing team serves the Chicago area and helps commercial property owners plan smarter, safer, and more compliant roofing projects.
FAQ: Illinois Rooftop Safety for First Responders Act
What is the Rooftop Safety for First Responders Act?
The Rooftop Safety for First Responders Act is Illinois Public Act 104-0121. It creates safety requirements for certain low-sloped roofs, roof edges, skylights, and roof openings to help reduce rooftop fall hazards for first responders.
When does the Rooftop Safety for First Responders Act take effect?
The Illinois General Assembly lists the effective date as January 1, 2026.
What is considered a low-sloped roof under the Act?
The Act defines a low-sloped roof as a roof with a slope of less than 2 units vertically in 12 units horizontal, or 17% slope.
Does the Act apply to existing buildings?
Yes. Section 10 states that existing buildings, new construction, new roofs, roof replacements, and renovation projects that increase the area of a home or business by more than 50% are subject to the listed requirements.
What does the Act require for skylights?
Skylights and other openings in the plane of a low-sloped roof must either use approved glazing designed and constructed to withstand a minimum dynamic load test of at least 400 pounds, or be protected with a parapet, extended masonry, guard, or a combination meeting IBC Section 1015.
Does the Act list fines or criminal penalties?
The text of Public Act 104-0121 does not include a separate fine schedule or criminal penalty section. However, noncompliance may still create permitting, inspection, insurance, safety, or liability concerns depending on the project and local enforcement.
Why should commercial building owners act now?
Roof replacements and major renovations require planning. Identifying skylights, openings, parapet issues, and roof-edge hazards early can help owners avoid project delays, change orders, and compliance surprises.
Commercial properties require regular maintenance to ensure the building remains in good condition and to prevent costly repairs. Despite its importance, routine upkeep is often overlooked by businesses and property owners. Common reasons include busy schedules, perceived high costs relative to immediate benefits, or simply not noticing any issues. This last reason is particularly common when it comes to roofs, out of sight often means out of mind.
Taking a proactive approach to roof maintenance is essential. A well-maintained roofing system protects the building from water leaks, wind, and other damaging elements. Commercial roofs are complex systems with multiple components, and damage to any part can result in significant interior problems. Flat roofs, in particular, endure constant stress. Sun, wind, tree limbs, animals, rain, ice, and debris all take a toll over time. In addition, human activities such as well-intentioned service technicians or tenants, can inadvertently damage the roof membrane.
Because of the wide range of factors that can compromise a roof’s integrity, it’s recommended that commercial roofs be inspected and maintained at least twice a year.
In this article, we will outline what to look for when inspecting your commercial roof for signs of damage. We will also detail the steps professional roofing companies, like Reliable Roofing, take to provide thorough inspections and preventative maintenance services.
Main Signs of Damage to Commercial Roofing
The roof of your commercial building is constantly exposed to the elements including rain, wind, hail, snow, ice, and direct sunlight, as well as potential damage from animals. Each of these factors contributes to normal wear and tear and can sometimes cause serious damage if left unaddressed.
To protect your building, it’s important to inspect your roof at least twice a year, once in the spring and once in the fall, to check for signs of damage and monitor general wear. If you identify any potential issues, it’s best to contact professional roofing experts who can perform a thorough inspection and accurately diagnose the problem.
Here are the key signs of damage to watch for on your commercial roof:
1. Flashing Damage
Flashing is the material that protects vertical roof elements, such as pipes, HVAC curbs, and parapet walls. Proper flashing is essential to prevent leaks and water intrusion. When flashing is worn, damaged, or missing, the building becomes vulnerable to leaks, which can cause extensive water damage.
During inspections, check flashing for cracks, open seams, holes, and general wear. Ensure it is properly secured and in the correct position. Any issues with flashing should be addressed promptly by a professional roofer.
2. Seams
Flat roofs are typically covered with a membrane, which has seams where sections meet. These seams are particularly vulnerable to harsh weather, sunlight, and accidental damage. Checking seams for water tightness is critical.
Professionals use a tool called a seam probe to test for weak points. Any weak or open seams should be repaired immediately to prevent water infiltration.
3. Drains, Gutters, and Pooling Water
Unlike residential roofs, most commercial roofs are flat, making them prone to water pooling. Flat roofs rely on a drainage system to remove water, which requires regular maintenance.
Clogged or malfunctioning drains can lead to standing water, which damages seams, flashings, and the membrane itself. Drainage issues can range from simple blockages, like leaves in drains, to more complex problems, such as damaged drain bowls that need re-flashing. A properly functioning drainage system is essential to prolonging the life of your roof and protecting your building.
4. Holes or Rips in the Roof
Commercial roofs experience more foot traffic than residential roofs due to equipment maintenance and other activities. Combined with weather, animals, and debris, this traffic can create holes or tears in the membrane.
Inspect your roof for any rips or punctures, as even small holes can compromise the roof’s integrity and lead to further damage. Address these issues immediately with professional repairs.
5. General Deterioration
Look for signs of general wear and tear, including discoloration, cracking, blistering, or bubbling of the membrane. While these issues may not pose an immediate threat, they indicate aging materials and a roof that is becoming more susceptible to damage. Regular monitoring can help identify problems early and extend the roof’s lifespan.
6. Signs of Water Damage
Water damage may be visible inside the building if the roof has any vulnerabilities. Check for wet spots or stains on ceilings and walls, leaking window headers, foundation cracks, active drips, mold or mildew, and musty odors.
If any of these signs are present, the roof may be allowing water to penetrate, and a professional inspection is necessary to prevent further structural or interior damage.
7. Sagging or Uneven Roof Deck
A roof that appears to sag, dip, or feel soft underfoot may indicate structural issues, water damage, or excessive weight. Sagging areas are a serious concern and should be inspected immediately to prevent potential collapse or further damage.
8. Mold or Moss Growth
Green, black, or white growth on the roof surface or around roof edges can trap moisture against the roof, degrade materials, and accelerate deterioration. While often cosmetic at first, unchecked mold or moss can lead to leaks and structural damage over time.
9. Debris Accumulation
Leaves, branches, dirt, and other debris can collect on the roof or in drains. Debris can block drainage, increase water pooling, and accelerate wear on roofing materials. Regular removal is essential to maintain a healthy roof.
10. Worn or Deteriorated Coatings
Roof coatings protect against UV damage and water infiltration. Fading, peeling, or cracking of these coatings leaves the roof more vulnerable to environmental damage. Inspect coatings regularly and reapply or repair as needed to extend the roof’s lifespan.
Professional Commercial Roof Maintenance from Reliable Roofing
If you notice any of the signs listed above during your roof inspection, it’s important to contact the professionals at Reliable Roofing. Our team can perform a thorough assessment to identify any hidden or significant damage that requires immediate attention.
Our seasonal commercial roof inspection and maintenance services include the following steps:
1. Full Inspection
Our technicians perform a comprehensive roof inspection to identify visible and hidden issues (e.g., leaks, weak points, membrane wear). We then provide a detailed list of the problems found, tailored to your roof type, so you know what exactly needs attention.
2. Routine Repairs.
- Minor repairs to the roof system such as caulking, minor seam repairs, patches, or applying roof repair compound.
- Removal of debris from roof downspouts and gutters, such as leaves, small branches, dirt, or rocks.
- Removal of debris from drains or gutters.
- Sealing connections or topping off or filling of pitch pans with the appropriate water proofing compound.
- Re-welding open seams.
- Tightening loose mechanical clamps.
3. Repair & Replacement Cost Analysis
After the inspection, we produce a report that outlines repair costs for each identified defect. This gives you a clear breakdown of options, timelines, and budget considerations so you can make informed decisions.
4. Inspection Report with Photos.
The report shows work done, highlighting problem areas found and creates a maintenance record for your roof. If we recommend additional repairs or replacements, we will provide a proposal and budget for those additional services.
5. Grading and useful life estimate
We grade your roof and give an estimate of the useful life left before replacement. This helps our customers budget for the future.
6. Manufacturer Warranty Compliance & Documentation
Reliable Roofing ensures that your roof maintenance meets manufacturer warranty requirements. If your flat roof is still under warranty, most manufacturers require semi-annual inspections and upkeep. We maintain detailed records of all inspections, repairs, and visits. This documentation supports warranty claims and creates a history of maintenance and repairs on your roof.
7. Return on Investment
Proactive maintenance significantly extends a roof’s lifespan and helps you save money over the long run. By protecting the manufacturer’s warranty, reducing unexpected repairs, and delaying full replacement, you can maximize the value of your investment.
Protect Your Investment with Reliable Roofing
Maintaining your commercial roof is essential to safeguarding your building, preventing costly repairs, and extending the life of your roofing system. Ignoring warning signs or delaying maintenance can lead to serious structural damage, water intrusion, and expensive replacements.
At Reliable Roofing, our team of experienced professionals provides comprehensive commercial roof inspection, repair, and maintenance services designed to keep your roof in optimal condition year-round. From identifying hidden damage and performing essential repairs to creating a customized maintenance plan that protects your warranty and maximizes ROI, we handle every aspect of your roof’s care.
Don’t wait until a small issue becomes a major problem. Call Reliable Roofing at (815) 981-9898 to schedule your commercial roof inspection and maintenance service, and ensure your building remains safe, secure, and protected for years to come.
